Steps for Successful Crm Implementation free essay sample

Check out prospective vendors financials and customer references; eliminate any that appear shaky. Talk to peers who have more experience in the CRM area, search Web sites and peruse publications. Many hosted CRM vendors offer 30-day free trials. Get an independent perspective from an independent CRM consultant, too. With a roadmap in place and your needs defined, you can come up with a manageable list of RFP-worthy vendors. 7. Apply the 80-20 rule in the selection process. Dont get snowed under by competing vendors feature-function wars.Youve already determined your top needs and priorities: stick to that list and determine which vendor can best meet those needs before you get sidetracked with the nice-to-have but not essential features. Compare how vendors stack up in terms of solution strengths and weaknesses. Have vendors spell out terms and conditions, thorough document pricing, training, methodology, milestones and metrics for a successful deployment. Finally, listen to your intuition, and select a vendor that you think will be as responsive to your needs, after the sale is closed. We will write a custom essay sample on Steps for Successful Crm Implementation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page . Keep everyone in the loop. Once youve made a selection, err on the side of over-communicating. Get internal evangelists involved early, and encourage input along the way as you roll it out. Offer flexible training options to help accommodate different schedules and learning preferences. This will also speed adoption and produce benefits more quickly. 9. Learn, adjust and evolve. Develop a mechanism to monitor use, get feedback and adapt the solution as necessary to make sure its evolving with business and customer needs.Depending on the type of CRM package youve deployed, you can use surveys, ongoing education, user groups and other venues to stay on top of how these needs are changing, as well as what types of adaptations the solution will need over time. CRM is an essential driver for CEM By Kaveh Abhari, USM Customer Experience Management is highlighted as a process of creating value to achieve business success in the future. In this respect, getting deeper understanding of CEM and its foundation as well as relevant organizational requirements are vital for implementation.In this post, it is tried to shed light on CRM position. Due to CRM limitations, it cannot be considered as an umbrella term for CEM; however, CRM capabilities can prepare appropriate setting and drive CEM. Hence, CRM is regarded as an grandparent for CEM and CEM is proper complement fo r CRM weaknesses; but, How? CEM provides a holistic approach to enhance customer relationships by utilizing all organizational functions – from innovation to manage frontline employees (Kiska, 2002). CRM is empowered by information technology to enhance customer experience especially during direct interaction with firm.CRM facilitates customer interface design by helping firms to personalized service at touch points. It also encourages customers to develop their interaction with firm and share their emotional and rational expectations. Customers, while have fruitful relationships with firm, increase their interactions; and as result the chance of engaging with the brands would be increased. On the other hand, effective relationship at entire touch points can create memorable experiences, which positively drive future decision-making.CRM is also helpful in improving customer awareness of the brand. Noticeably, strategic approach to CRM makes firms to focus on improving the customer experience with the brand across all physical and electronic touch points (Calhoun, 2001). Additionally, concerning observed elements in developing relationship reinforce the emotional impacts of experience during interaction. Hence, we can nominate CRM as an foundation to express preferable brand image, superior value, and functional as well as symbolic meanings of offering.These results are the initial part of what CEM looks for, through applying brand experience management. In short, CRM facilitate CEM implementation in three steps: first understand experimental customer needs in relationship, second build relationships based on customer insights, and finally suggest values and memorable experience (Venkat, 2005). These steps help marketing practitioners to meet brand promise and accordingly strengthen active relationships. Customer relationship complete the learning cycle in organization and result relevant knowledge about customer entire desires.

4 Tips for Writing a Stellar Boston College Essay

4 Tips for Writing a Stellar Boston College Essay SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Ranked among the top 50 colleges nationwide, Boston College is an excellent choice for college, especially if you're hoping to attend a Jesuit institution.As part of the application process, you'll need to submit a Boston College essay. So what should you write about in your essay to raise your chances of getting admitted here? In this guide, we closely analyze all Boston College essay prompts, providing you with our best tips and advice.We then take a look at real Boston College essay examples to give you an idea of what a successful Boston College essay can look like. What Is the Boston College Essay? In addition to the statement you must write for the Common Application, Boston College requires all first-yearapplicants to submit a separate essay as part of the Boston College Supplement (on the Common App under the heading "Writing Supplement"). With this writing supplement, you have four possible essay prompts to choose from: 1. Great art evokes a sense of wonder. It nourishes the mind and spirit. Is there a particular song, poem, speech, or novel from which you have drawn insight or inspiration? 2. When you choose a college, you will join a new community of people who have different backgrounds, experiences, and stories. What is it about your background, your experiences, or your story, that will enrich Boston College’s community? 3. Boston College strives to provide an undergraduate learning experience emphasizing the liberal arts, quality teaching, personal formation, and engagement of critical issues. If you had the opportunity to create your own college course, what enduring question or contemporary problem would you address and why? 4. Jesuit education considers the liberal arts a pathway to intellectual growth and character formation. What beliefs and values inform your decisions and actions today, and how will Boston College assist you in becoming a person who thinks and acts for the common good? Each essay prompt expects you to give specific details and a unique, compelling story of who you are, how you came to be this way, and what you hope to do with your education at BC. Regardless of the essay prompt you choose, your Boston College essay must be no longer than 400 words, making it a little shorter than a typical college essay, which is 500-600 words long. But how can you choose the best essay prompt for you? Read on as we examine all the Boston College essay prompts, one by one. All Boston College Essay Prompts, Analyzed In order to submit a great Boston College essay, you’ll need to know what each prompt is asking you to do and which one will work best based on your personality, experiences, and/or interests. Below, we offer a close analysis of all four Boston College essay prompts. Boston College Essay Prompt 1 Great art evokes a sense of wonder. It nourishes the mind and spirit. Is there a particular song, poem, speech, or novel from which you have drawn insight or inspiration? This first Boston College essay prompt is all about art, specifically a piece of art that's had a major impact on you. Although this essay prompt lists just four types of art- songs, poems, speeches, and novels- you may write about, if you were inspired by a different form of art, such as a painting, sculpture, dance, or piece of architecture, you will most likely be fine writing about that instead. If possible, though, it's best to try to stick with the four options in the prompt; this way you can rest assured you’re correctly answering it. You also want to avoid rattling on and on about the art piece and why it’s so great. Instead,focus on why this piece of art has affected you to such a degree and how this impact has manifested in your life. Should You Choose This Prompt? This essay prompt is ideal for applicants who intend to major in a creative field, such as music or creative writing, due to its emphasis on inspiration and what kind of art has impacted your own approach to creativity. Even if you don’t plan to major in a creative field or have no idea what you want to major in, this is a good prompt to respond to if you can easily think of a piece of art that has changed you in some critical way.If you can’t, another prompt would probably be better suited for you. Tips for Answering This Prompt Avoid writing about a super famous piece of art. While it's OK to focus on something you read for school, don't go with extremely famous and cliched works, such as The Great Gatsby or Harry Potter. Focus on you more than the piece of art. The point of this essay is to explain what creative work has greatly inspired or impacted you, not why this work is so great, famous, or valuable in general. Think about the qualities or goals you now have because of your exposure to this piece, and concentrate on those and how you developed them in your essay. Be clear about how this artwork has affected you. For example, perhaps the first time you listened to the English medieval song "Bryd One Brere," which is thought to be the oldest love song on record, you felt so moved by its lyrics that you decided to learn more about medieval England; now, you’re thinking of majoring in history. Boston College Essay Prompt 2 When you choose a college, you will join a new community of people who have different backgrounds, experiences, and stories. What is it about your background, your experiences, or your story, that will enrich Boston College’s community? This second Boston College essay prompt is a diversity essay prompt: it wants to know what kinds of qualities, experiences, and/or perspectives you personally will bring to the Boston College community.In short, what makes you special? For this essay, you’ll want to focus on one specific trait, experience, or quality you have, ideally one that's an integral part of your identity. For example, if you come from an ethnic group that historically was forced to conceal its traditions and customs, you could discuss in your Boston College essay how being able to freely express and embrace your cultural roots has made you want to encourage others to do the same. Should You Choose This Prompt? There are many categories of diversity that, if you fall under, you may choose to write about for this prompt. Here are just some examples: Your cultural group, race, or ethnicity Your religion Your socioeconomic background Your sex or gender/gender identity Your sexual orientation Your values or opinions A club, group, or organization you're part of Your local community Your hometown or home country A unique experience, struggle, or moment from your life You don’t need to fall under a strictly defined category of people. For example, you could write about a unique circumstance in your life or a specific event that was particularly meaningful to you and significantly affected your perspective on something. Tips for Answering This Prompt Try to avoid trite topics that can apply to many applicants. If you come from a family of immigrants, for instance, you could certainly write about this; however, this topic isn’t super unique, so be sure you’re focusing on something specific and impactful from your life, such as the time someone accused you of being an illegal immigrant. Focus on one defining quality. Even if you fit into multiple categories above, it’s best to stick with just one unique quality, as this will help keep your essay tight and focused. Be clear about how your experience will enrich Boston College’s community. It should be obvious how your perspective will positively affect those around you. Maybe you plan to start a club or promote a volunteering effort, for example. Don’t write about something that isn’t meaningful to you. If your experience didn’t have much of an effect on you when it happened and doesn’t matter much to you now, definitely choose something else to write about. Don’t exaggerate the significance of anything, or else you’ll risk coming across insincere and inauthentic. Boston College Essay Prompt 3 Boston College strives to provide an undergraduate learning experience emphasizing the liberal arts, quality teaching, personal formation, and engagement of critical issues. If you had the opportunity to create your own college course, what enduring question or contemporary problem would you address and why? With this prompt, you’re essentially being asked what kinds of academic fields or social issues you’re interested in and why you’d like to study them. This essay is a great opportunity for you to delve into a specific idea or problem you want to learn more about in college.The topic you choose for your essay can be pretty much anything, from an ancient philosophical theory to the modern-day phenomenon of cell phones. In short, what excites, interests, or captivates you intellectually? And why? Take time to considerwhat you’re passionate about, whether this is a question in an academic field you want to study or a contemporary social issue. Should You Choose This Prompt? Most applicants have an idea of what they want to study in college.Therefore, if there’s a particular field you’re interested in, you can use this as a jumping-off point to narrow your topic so you’ll be discussing a specific interest, question, or idea. For example, ifyou plan to major in psychology, you could think of questions you have regarding a specific idea or theory in the field. You can also approach this prompt from a more social perspective.Are there any problems in contemporary society that you believe need to be addressed more or in a new way? For example, perhaps you’re not a fan of the way women of color are represented in schools' history textbooks and you'd like to look for fair and effective ways to remedy this problem. Other possible issues you could talk about include the following: Environmental issues or climate change Political/economic instability or other problems in a country/area Discrimination, stigmas, or other issues relating to inequality Potential challenges facing technology, science, the arts, specific industries, etc. Tips for Answering This Prompt Explain why you are so invested in this problem. Have you had any direct experience with the issue you’re focusing on? How did (or does) it make you feel? Maybe you’re curious about how we could improve public access for people with physical disabilities, and the reason you developed an interest in solving this problem is that, as a kid, you often watched your friend struggle to find alternative entryways besides stairs. Include a (creative) title for your course. While there’s no need to get overly creative, make sure your class's name is concise and accurately reflects the proposed content. If you were writing about the topic described above, you could title your course something like "Public Access for People with Disabilities: Barriers and Solutions." Boston College Essay Prompt 4 Jesuit education considers the liberal arts a pathway to intellectual growth and character formation. What beliefs and values inform your decisions and actions today, and how will Boston College assist you in becoming a person who thinks and acts for the common good? Boston College is a highly ranked Jesuit institution, so it’s not surprising that the school is curious about applicants' values.The purpose of this prompt is for Boston College to see how your own values will fit with and further promote the key Jesuit principles of ethics and community service. This essay prompt can be broken down into two basic questions: What are your beliefs and values regarding your role in your community? How will Boston College fit with these values and allow you to grow as a person? Should You Choose This Prompt? If you’re applying to Boston College, you likely already know that it’s a Jesuit institution, meaning it strongly values qualities such as morality, service, and interdisciplinary learning. If you have strong values that align with these Jesuit principles, have a clear reason for wanting to attend a Jesuit institution, and can readily envision how you plan to use your BC education for the "common good," this would be a great prompt for you to choose. Some values you could write about in your essay include the following: Honesty Morality/ethics Empathy/compassion for others Selflessness Tips for Answering This Prompt Focus on one specific value/quality you have. For instance, if honesty is important to you, you could discuss a time you had to decide between telling the truth or telling a lie, and how this choice impacted how you perceive honesty and its significance in everyday life. Explain how Boston College will help you develop this value you have. You could talk about specific classes, extracurricular activities, clubs, volunteering opportunities, etc. For example, maybe you’re thinking of making a club to help local disadvantaged families. Boston College Essay Examples Now, let's take a look at two real Boston College essay examples, written by admitted applicants. Note that since the Boston College essay prompts change every year or so, these essays might not correspond directly to one of the four prompts listed above. Boston College Essay Example 1 This first Boston College essay we’ll look at could have easily been written for the second prompt described above (the diversity essay prompt) as it focuses on the applicant’s unique multicultural background. Note that this sample essay is more than 550 words, whereas the current Boston College essay requirements state that essays may not exceed 400 words. Here is the essay: "Happy birthday!" "Feliz cumpleanos!" "Kol sana wa enta tayyab!" After my family sings me happy birthday in English, Spanish, and Arabic, I blow out the candles on my cake amidst thunderous cheers that reverberate throughout the five boroughs of New York City. My birthday celebrations, likened by my friends to United Nations assemblies, feature my one, cohesive, yet ever so dissimilar, family, stepping out of their respective Ecuadorian and Egyptian roles to further thrust upon me their expectations. Some would fold under this pressure, but I embrace this trust. While they have not always been able to put me in optimal positions, it has all congregated to a driving force in my cultured and diverse mind. My never ending quest to achieve success for my family began at a young age, through my trips to Ecuador and Egypt. I not only grew fond of their eloquent languages, but of their modest values. On my first trip to Ecuador as a toddler, my Uncle Guillermo was found dead in an alley one morning, no cause, no explanation. Instead of shielding me from the forlorn passing of one of my heroes, my relatives used this as an opportunity to develop my value for awareness. They told me that Guillermo's death was linked to his severe alcoholism. He had been afflicted for decades, all while selling away the family's possessions to fuel his addiction. He, like many from the impoverished, drug ridden country, knew no better. Some would view a traumatizing event like this as an excuse to end up along a similar path, but it immediately ingrained in me the farsighted principles that I maintain to this day. There are no excuses for me to approach education halfheartedly, for I have witnessed the malevo lent effects of ignorance. When my grandma, Anisa Saad, told me that she views my future with the same reverence that she views the Egyptian Revolution of 20, I finally realized how delicate my actions are. I knew that making something out of myself meant just as much to my family as it did to me. The Egyptian Revolution was the first time since 1981 that Egyptians had a voice. As they overthrew President Hosni Mubarak, they created an irrevocable identity. They proved that regardless what comprises your past or your background, your impact on the world is only what you make of it. My grandma told me that all she could think about as she cast her vote in the first ever democratic election was that she was changing the world. She said that if a 78-year-old widow living with three of her children and a bad back could change the world, a prioritized pupil with a keen understanding of different societies has boundless potential. In New York City, the quintessential hub of culture, I found it easier to expand on my expectations and values. I am most people's culturally passionate friend rather than the kid whose ethnicity is indeterminable. I am a New Yorker's idea of a New Yorker; an assiduous product of the "melting pot." No idea is too farfetched to believe, no goal too unattainable. With my grandma's words in mind, I face any problem that the Concrete Jungle throws at me. I seek to make sure the Salazar's of Ecuador and the Badran's of Egypt finally have significant names in the world. I want to blow out my birthday candles with a family proud that I made it, not hoping that I do. Source Here's what makes this Boston College essay work: It has a compelling hook. The first few sentences about the applicant's multicultural and multilingual family immediately draw us in. It makes you want to learn more about why this applicant gets told happy birthday in three languages, and what this means for their values. It’s highly specific and detailed.We're given people's actual names, from Uncle Guillermo to Anisa Saad. These concrete details ground us readers in the story while highlighting clear connections between the applicant's life experiences and values. Zoom in on the details for your Boston College essay. Boston College Essay Example 2 This next real Boston College essay example is less focused on diversity and more on community service, a major Jesuit value that Boston College would be more than happy to read about in your essay! Atjust under 400 words,this essay should help give you an idea of about how long your Boston College essay can be. "Can you teach me how to tie my shoes?" I looked down. There was Miguel. He pointed at his untied shoelaces. "Come sit down over here," I said as I pulled over a chair. "Just remember this: Loop, Swoop, and Pull." I tied his shoelace. "Now you try on the other." He bent down. "Loop ... Swoop, and ... Pull." He completed a perfect bow. Later on in that day, Thomas came over to me. "Can you help me tie my sneaker?" Miguel was next to me. I was helping him learn the letters of the alphabet. "I think Miguel can help you." I looked down at him and he nodded. He brought Thomas to the side. "Just remember, Loop, Swoop, and Pull." In-between studying for the SATs and preparing for my varsity basketball season, I volunteered in a local preschool for Head Start and Special Needs Children in the summer before my junior year. I worked with students who were attending their first year of the school during that year. I was invited back to volunteer again the next summer. I was with the second-year students and Miguel and Thomas were again in my class. "Do you want to see me write my name?" Miguel asked the first day of my second summer at the school. He used a purple marker and a blank piece of white paper and clearly wrote "Miguel." Thomas approached me. "Look, I can tie my shoes now." He bent down. "Loop, Swoop, and Pull," he whispered as he completed a perfect bow. "It’s great to see you guys again. I’ll be here the whole summer." The goal of the program is to prepare the students for success in kindergarten. The best thing about going to the school for two years was to see the progress Miguel, Thomas, and the other kids made. I saw the children walk on the stage at the graduation ceremony at the end of the summer term. I know they will be able to excel in kindergarten. I began to visualize Thomas and Miguel being at the top of their class in kindergarten next year. I am proud of the work the school does for the children and the progress the children make in the school. I look forward to returning to volunteer next summer. Source Here’s what makes this Boston College essay work: It tells a detailed, interesting story. Many students have volunteered at schools or helped out younger children, but this Boston College essay lets readers really see the uniqueness of the applicant's experience. We learn about two children, Thomas and Miguel, and how the experience of helping them positively impacted the applicant. It’s highly focused. No part of this essay feels extraneous or as if it doesn't belong. It uses a well-organized structure that’s easy to follow. We also learn through small details that the applicant successfully maintains other commitments, too, such as varsity basketball. It focuses on a key Jesuit value: giving back to others. If you plan to respond to Prompt 4, this is a great essay to look to for tips. It’s all about helping the common good and highlights, especially with its last line, the applicant’s desire to continue helping the community. How to Write a Great Boston College Essay: 4 Tips Before we wrap up, here are four general tips to help you write a great Boston College essay. #1: Be Clear and Specific Your Boston College essay should be clear, with specific, concrete details that tell a compelling narrative about you and what you value.Your essay will have more personal impact if you can incorporate critical details, such as the names of people, your reactions/emotions to events or actions, etc. In addition, make sure your story is focused and doesn't meander onto less relevant, less interesting, or less significant topics. For instance, if you’re writing about how you enjoy volunteering at retirement homes, there's no point in elaborating on other values you have or other service projects you’re involved in since doing so will take away from the main focus of your essay. #2: Use an Honest Voice While Embracing Jesuit Values As with any college essay, try to channel an authentic voice.Exaggerations in your emotions or reactions are generally pretty easy for admissions committees to detect, so don't bother trying to make a particular experience in your life seem more significant than it really was. Be honest with yourself: what is important to you?What do you believe Boston College must know about you?And what do you feel defines who you are and what you want to do? Remember that Boston College is a Jesuit school that strongly values specific qualities, including morality, honesty, and community service. If you have a strong passion for any Jesuit values and often exercise them in your life, make sure you’re clearly touching on these in your essay so you can further emphasize how Boston College is an ideal fit for you. #3: Don’t Repeat What You Wrote for the Common App Essay All Boston College applicants must write, in addition to the essay we’ve talked about in this article, a separate personal statement that responds to one of the Common App prompts. Since many of these prompts are similar to the Boston College essay prompts listed above, it’s critical that you do not repeat any major themes or topics in your two essays. Each essay is meant to showcase a different side of you, and if you’re simply repeating yourself in both essays, you won’t be revealing anything unique or interesting about yourself- which will not impress the Boston College admissions committee at all! #4: Edit and Proofread a Lot You’ll want to spend a good amount of time editing and proofreading your Boston College essay. The best way to do this is to write a rough draft and then put it away for a few days.After some time has passed, take out your essay so you can look it over with a fresh perspective.Note any areas that are irrelevant, awkward, or grammatically incorrect. Once you’ve done this a few times, give your essay to someone else to read, such as a teacher, parent, or older sibling.Ask for feedback on what you can improve in terms of flow, organization, and overall story. You should now have an excellent Boston College essay ready to submit! What’s Next? If you're applying to Boston College, you're likely applying to other colleges on the East Coast, too. Check out our expert guides to the Duke essay, the Tufts essays, and the Harvard essay. Need help writing your Common App essay? Our tips will show you how to write a Common App essay guaranteed to make you stand out from other applicants! To learn more about Boston College, including what GPA and SAT/ACT scores you'll need to get in, check out our Boston College admission requirements page. Want to write the perfect college application essay? Get professional help from PrepScholar. Your dedicated PrepScholar Admissions counselor will craft your perfect college essay, from the ground up. We'll learn your background and interests, brainstorm essay topics, and walk you through the essay drafting process, step-by-step. At the end, you'll have a unique essay that you'll proudly submit to your top choice colleges. Don't leave your college application to chance. 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Imogene King's theory of goal attainment Research Paper

Imogene King's theory of goal attainment - Research Paper Example A mutually shared communication between the nurse and the patient is assumed to happen according to the theory. This in turn formulates the goal towards which they work together. The patient’s perception of the world as a total person making transactions with the other individuals and groups of individuals has been considered a major assumption of the discussed theory. The major concepts which are covered by the theory of goal attainment are based on different systems of interaction which includes; personal systems, interpersonal systems and social systems. The most remarkable advantage of the theory is that it considers all human beings of equal worth (King, 1999). The very fact that the theory of goal attainment considers interaction between the nurse and the patient as a key factor of goal setting and attainment makes it applicable in practical nursing situations. Interaction, transaction and communication which happen between the nurse, patient and also the allied systems of interactions decide what is to be achieved. Here, the goal which is set becomes case specific and thus becomes more effective. In other words, the nurse and the patient as a result of their interaction, communication and transaction decide together what is to be considered as a goal in terms of the health care of the patient. This approach is more inclusive as it considers a number of factors including social, interpersonal and personal concepts. Thus the goal becomes holistic and the achieved results becomes of long term implications. In the local nursing scen ario, this would mean that the treatment will have long term positive implications. The theory of goal attainment leaves the nurse at the advantage of having the freedom to take participatory decisions with the patient. This strengthens the personal interaction between both the parties. The application of this theory in practical nursing practice is thus of huge

Propaganda during World War 1 and World War 2 Research Paper

Propaganda during World War 1 and World War 2 - Research Paper Example In 1914 the War Propaganda Bureau were created in Great Britain. Bureau implemented propaganda among the soldiers and the population of the foreign countries.   In August 1915 the propaganda service was created in France. The activity was held by means of leaflets spreading. In 1917 the United States Committee on Public Information ruled by George Creel was created. The main task of the committee was to mobilize the public opinion inside of the country to support both the participation of America in War and the peacemaking efforts of Wilson due to the public opinion split straight after the war was declared. Creel’s committee started working not having any tested tools of mass media. Thus, it was necessary to improvise. As that time there was no developed radio and television for the fast spreading of information, the committee formed the mobile groups of volunteers. The main goal of such organizations was to make people think that the opponents wanted to destroy the country and they were not going to stop (Lasswell, 1972:40). The activity of the created organizations, which dealt with propaganda were successful and brought good results. For example, more people started entering such organizations as Red Cross. Less people tended to join those who propagated the end of the war and peace establishment (McQuail, 1969:5). Germany became the victim of the informational and psychological operations of the opponents. Under the informational pressure the revolution started in Germany and led to its failure.

Conflict, violence and humanitarianism Case Study

Conflict, violence and humanitarianism - Case Study Example Nevertheless, the government has been trying to implement new laws on victims through compensation It has been in the forefront in fighting the rebel groups. It has been helping in settling the indigenous people who have been replaced by the war (Drake & Hershberg 2006). It has been asking for external help in order to overwhelm the group of rebels. Poor financing from the government has been making it very hard for it to face the guerilla groups. It has been compensating victims of violence in order to overcome extreme poverty. In addition, it has been in the forefront in pushing the government to sign the Victims and Land Restitution Law (Ballentine & Sherman 2003). The initiative aims at compensating four million people. Furthermore, it provides support to the affected people through building heath centers and schools (Fouskas 2007). The body has also been liaising with the private sector in order to encourage the organizations to participate in corporate social responsibility with the aim of improving the lives of the local population which has been mainly affected by the war (Öberg & Strà ¸m 2008). It entered Colombia in 1997. It has been supporting the victims of war through providing basic necessities (Bouvier 2009). In addition, it has been pressuring the government to sign peace deals and compensate the victims. Many of the people have been displaced, an aspect that has increased the demand for aid (Flämig & Leiner

Electronic Music | An introdcution

Electronic Music | An introdcution Electronic Music: The standard way of thinking about music has it that it is an important aspect of any culture and socialization. Although there is major difference in music genres from culture to culture, we all can say that music is an important part of our lives. Not only it is soothing, but it also creates individuality in individuals depending on the genre of music they like and accept. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics,†Music provides entertainment and distraction from problems and serves as a way to relieve tension and boredom. Some studies have reported that adolescents use popular music to deal with loneliness and to take control of their emotional status or mood†. Music is a great way to escape the reality and create a sense of serenity in an individual. For many years we have shifted in music rhythms and productions. Classical music and other older genres are currently overlapped by the modern day rap, hip-hop, and dance and electronic music. In our modern day so ciety, electronic music a large role on providing the listeners with great beats and rhythm but also provides to the listeners to go to an electrifying extent. Electronic music is not only part of the rave scene but musicians of different genres of music around the word produce the same beats by using the turn tables and electronic instruments. With the new and improved technologies and instruments, music is produced electronically with some bass guitars and drums, but no matter what instruments the musicians use, the production of music greatly provides the listeners with imagination. From different instrument usage, music is a great way to relieve stress and express emotions. Electronic music not only provides the listeners with a sense of emotion, but also creates imagination in individuals and serves as an inspiration to many other artists in the use of electronics. Music cannot be considered a single sound, but it is a set of beats and rhythm that create pleasure to listeners ears. Electronic music is an art, an art that is created by using electronic instruments such as turn tables. The main aspect of electronic music is that it provokes happiness to the listeners. Electronic music has different sub groups such as: Techno, Dubstep, Indie, House Tech, Trance and Dance but it does not matter to the listeners which to choose, they all produce the safe effect: create a sense of emotion in listeners. According to Leonard Meyer, â€Å"And finally, listeners, past and present, have reported with remarkable consistency that music does arouse feelings and emotion in them† (12). In other words, we as humans are full of emotion and express them in our daily lives. As electronic music played in clubs and social events, individuals feel happiness therefore undergo the state of excitement and then begin rhythmic practices such as dancing. And of cou rse, any type of music that the listeners decide to listen will experience emotion. Usually at large social performances by highly respected artists, individuals decide to wear neon colors that bring happiness to the performance. Electronic music provides the listeners with emotions due to different beats and rhythm that the audience follows. Some may decide to focus their attention on certain beat that attract their attention, however as a whole, electronic music is upbeat and surprising. Imagination is a huge process in which an individual paints a mental picture in learning styles. In a math class for instance, one may paint a mental picture of formulas to help one study, however when it is needed one must reflect back at that memory to retrieve the information. Due to the high intensity and upbeat rhythm, imagination is decided upon the individual. Some electronic musicians such as Tiesto or Armin Van Buren often use beats and rhythm that use nature sounds so therefore the listener may imagine that he or she is in a nature setting. Throughout the electronic beats that the electronic music provides, a message is conveyed. According to Leonard Meyer, â€Å"On the contrary, the musical theory and practice of many different cultures in many different epochs indicate that music can and does convey referential meaning† (3). Some music has meanings that are people can relate to. For instance, Eminem has been rapping about the meaning in his life however some genre s are turning toward explicit lyrics. Electronic music however is a set of beats that convey different messages to different individuals. People have the freedom to decide on the meaning of electronic music and what impact it has on their thoughts and imaginations. Thoughts, imaginations and reflections flow through listeners minds and an escape from reality occurs. As a result, electronic music provides the listener with many options on the relation of the meaning he or she decides to create. Our society has numerous bands that have progressed from using electric and acoustic guitars, drums and other instrument to using electronic computers and turn tables to produce new beats. Modern day artists produce their music in studios with a set of turn tables and electronic sets. More and more hip hop artist are turning toward electronic elements into their music which becomes more upbeat. The song â€Å"Feel It† by Three 6 Mafia and Sean Kingston for instance, is a great example of artists using electronic beats. Tiesto, one of the well known DJs creates the songs beats to which Three 6 Mafia raps to. Similarly, in dance clubs, DJs take ordinary hip hop songs and add a beat of electronic music for more pleasurable sounds and allow the audience to dance to. In Freedmans view, â€Å"Which brings us full circle to the original point—namely, that electronicas rise isnt just a trend. Rather, the influence of electronic elements into all forms of music seems to indica te a real turning point, a change in ideals brought on by the increased availability and affordability of computer-based music-creating programs†. Our generation has greatly become more and more technologically advanced in many aspects of daily lives. Technological advancement not only has made our healthcare, entertainment and communication better, but it also has changed the music industry. Electronic music has a major impact on different genres. Although the new technologies have a big impact on the music industries, electronic music has influenced artists to use upbeat music. As a result, an individual has the freedom to decide to listen to electronic music or not, he or she may hear electronic aspects in different songs that are heard on the radio. As I have shown, electronic music provides more than just beats and rhythm to the listeners but also allows them to find inner imagination. Electronic music has progressed from being underground to the modern day popular culture which is attracting more listeners and allows them to experience a sense of enjoyment. Once a listener hears a single electronic music song, he or she will fall in love and would want to listen more. There are numerous DJs for a listener to choose from such as: ATB, Above and Beyond, Tiesto, Armin Van Buuren and Marcus Schulz and they will provide the first time listener with a sense of excitement and surely will not disappoint them. Works- Cited Meyer, Leonard B., Emotion and Meaning in Music.Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999. Fuld, Gilbert G., Mulligan, Deborah A., and Brown, Ari. â€Å"Impact of Music in Children and Young Adults†. American Academy of Pediatrics 124 (2009): 9. Freedman, Pete. â€Å"Electronic Music Moves Its Way Into Other Genres.† The Dallas Observer 19 November 2009. Web. 13 March 2010.

Abenaki Indians As Environment :: Free Essay Writer

Many people are under a false impression that early Native Americans are the original environmentalists. This is an impression that many people share. The Abenaki tribes that resided in Maine from 3700 BP were not by our traditional definition, environmentalists. In fact they were far from ecologically sound. This paper is meant not to criticize the Native Americans of the age, but to clarify their roles in the environment. To better understand this subject some background is needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Abenaki People of the Northeast led a non-permanent exististance based mostly on the seasonal flux in the region. The area of land now referred to as Maine especially. Maine has always had abrupt seasons and the Abenaki used these seasons to their advantage. Their culture is one of direct appropriation with nature. This meaning that they were a culture in which nothing was permanent. Their survival depended on mobility. The Abenaki did not utilize storage as we do now, or even as the early Europeans of the time did. For each of the four seasons they stayed in areas where they would successfully survive. For instance, the summer months were spent on the coastal regions fishing and foraging while in the winter they pulled back into the interior forests for protection and hunting. However, they did return to the same part of the forests, coasts and waterfalls where their former camps had been.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although the Abenaki culture bent to the seasons, they dramatically shaped their surrounding environments. The Abenaki tribes would change the location of the campsites every ten to fifteen years due to a variety of reasons. The southern Abenaki tribes who performed some sort of agriculture would experience severe soil exhaustion after a decade of farming that particular piece of land. The Abenaki required enormous amounts of wood for campfires, smoking meat, building homes and cooking to name but a small few. Pest infestation was also another reason that the Abenaki would move the camp. Fleas and vermin would become extremely bothersome after time had gone by and they had become accustomed to environments. They practiced a form of clearcutting known today as anthropogenic fire, anthro meaning “human'; and pogenic meaning “induced';. They would purposely ignite massive forest fires around their encampment for a variety of reasons. These areas would bur n underbrush and smaller trees but not ignite the foliage of the huge trees. This burning was good for some forms of agriculture.

Intercultural Marriage Essay

Just as some of Asian women are eager to have a Western life-partner, which is known as a romantic partner, some of Western men also desired an Asian life partner because they thought an Asian wife is responsible to their future family. Things are perfect in our imagination, yet it changes when we confront reality. Marriage is not only unification between a male and female who love each other, but also a commitment between two people to appreciate and to encourage one another no matter in joy or sorrow. Before there were only minor couples that had courage to take an intercultural marriage because its too risky. Nevertheless, nowadays the number of intercultural marriages have been increased due to the easiness of immigration. There are many difficulties of an intercultural marriage, such as living environment (style), communication and way to bring children up. The first difficulty of an intercultural marriage is the living environment. Marrying someone from a different culture is absolutely not the same as marrying someone from same culture. Every country possesses its own living style and different habits as well. People who grow up in a different culture have different backgrounds and views concerning family. Some cultures consider their family important while some cultures don’t. For instance, Asian people are taught to respect their parents even though they already got married. On the contrary, Western teenagers usually leave their house and prefer to live with their lovers at their 20s. Sometimes, these individuals’ families demand too much on their son/daughter in law which is uncomfortable. For instance, when the Chinese New Year comes, the family from the wife and husband will assemble together. It’s already a tradition that the oldest son’s wife has to prepare everything like cooking for the big family, cleaning and setting the house and etc, which is tiring and very hard. Problem is caused when either side doesn’t agree to do the duty. These things usually will cause conflicts to the marriage life. In brief, even though living style is a small problem, it’s too sensitive that conflicts could occur between the couple. The second obstacle that an intercultural marriage couple might encounter is communication. Communication is an essential part in every relationship. Due to the fact that an intercultural marriage couple speaks different mother language, lack of language is the first problem to exist in their lives. In this case, husband and wife normally will choose to a speak well-known language, English. Speaking a second language is troublesome; we aren’t able to express our true feelings, there would be some words that we couldn’t interpret into English properly. For instance, when couple having fight, clear explanation is the best thing to end the quarrel. Using a second language, we can’t actually express something easily and directly. Sometimes since we have to think what is the word in English which is make us fretful and become angrier. Because of this reason the quarrel is become worst. For Language problem could lead the couples to misunderstanding that caused a quarrel. In the end, sometimes lack of language might be the most destructive thing to an intercultural marriage. The third obstacle that an intercultural marriage might go through is about how they are going to bring their children up. For this problem, parents have to meet an agreement; whether they will raise the children as a bilingual or not, whose culture they want to emphasize in the family etc. For instance, in our country, when we are eating with parents or with someone who older than us we have to say permission to start eating the food. On the contrary, in the U. S we don’t have to do that, we can eat without having permission from the others. Then, different from the U.  S, in my country it’s really disrespectful to enter someone’s house without taking off our shoes. Some different cultures have different habit, sometimes spouse start criticizing one and another about their foreign habit which is unpleasant to be seen by the children. Parents also have to decide which language will the children speak. Every parent wants their children to be able to speak their native language, it would bring pride to them. If they can’t meet an agreement then it would be a war in their lives. In conclusion, there are a lot of obstacles in intercultural marriage that he couple couldn’t avoid. Marriage is not a simple thing to do, we don’t have to be hurry on making the decision. All of people have the same hope that married only once in a lifetime and have a happy existence. We have to think the benefits and the challenges of an intercultural marriage as much as possible. There are three most common obstacles in reality; life style, communication and method to raise their children. People might think those things are small problems, but sometimes those problems could break the couples up.

National Emergency Definition, Powers and Examples

National Emergency Definition, Powers and Examples In United States government, a national emergency is any extraordinary situation deemed by the President of the United States to threaten the health or safety of the citizens and which cannot be adequately addressed by the application of other laws or executive actions. Exactly what situations do or do not constitute a state of emergency came into question in early 2019, when President Donald Trump declared a national emergency in order to divert existing Department of Defense funds for the completion of a concrete wall (or steel barrier) intended to prevent illegal immigration along the entire southern U.S. border- a maneuver used by President Ronald Reagan in 1982 to boost construction of military facilities. Key Takeaways A national emergency is any extraordinary situation declared by the president as threatening American citizens and not resolvable by other laws.Under the National Emergencies Act of 1976, a declaration of national emergency temporarily grants the president at least 140 special powers.The reasons for declaring a national emergency and the provisions to be applied during that emergency are solely and entirely up to the president. Under the National Emergencies Act (NEA), more than 100 special powers are granted to the president under a declared national emergency. When and why to declare a national emergency is entirely at the president’s discretion. Background and Legal Precedence While the U.S. Constitution grants Congress a few limited emergency powers- such as the power to suspend the right to writs of habeas corpus- it grants the president no such emergency powers. However, many legal scholars have confirmed that the Constitution gives presidents implied emergency powers by making them the commander in chief of the armed forces and by granting them broad, largely undefined â€Å"executive power.† Many such executive powers are applied by presidents through the issuance of legally-binding executive orders and proclamations. The first such emergency proclamation was issued by President Woodrow Wilson on February 5, 1917, in response to a lack of U.S. cargo ships needed to carry exported products to allied nations during World War I. The provisions of the proclamation were declared to be within the framework of the earlier law creating the United States Shipping Board. Prior to the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, presidents declared numerous emergencies to deal with situations like the hoarding of gold, the Korean War, a postal workers strike, and out-of-control economic inflation. In 1933, Roosevelt, in response to the Great Depression, began the ongoing trend of presidents declaring national emergencies of unlimited scope and duration, and without congressional oversight or precedent in existing laws. Eventually, in 1976, Congress passed the National Emergencies Act, which was intended to limit the scope and number of executive emergency powers a president could invoke by declaring an â€Å"emergency† and to provide certain checks and balances on the emergency powers of the president. National Emergencies Act of 1976 Under the National Emergencies Act, presidents are required to identify the specific powers and provisions to be activated by the declaration of emergency and to renew the declaration annually. While the law grants the president at least 136 distinct emergency powers, only 13 of them require a separate declaration by Congress. During declared national emergencies, the president can- without the approval of Congress- freeze the bank accounts of Americans, shut down most types of electronic communications inside the United States, and ground all non-military aircraft. Procedure for Declaring Emergencies Under the National Emergencies Act, presidents activate their emergency powers by issuing a public declaration of national emergency. The declaration must specifically list and notify Congress of the powers to be utilized during the duration of the emergency. Presidents may terminate declared emergencies at any time or continue to renew them annually with the approval of Congress. Since 1985, Congress has been allowed to renew an emergency declaration by the passage of a joint resolution rather than by separate resolutions passed by the House and Senate. The law also requires the president and the Cabinet-level executive agencies to keep records of all executive orders and regulations issued due to the emergency and to regularly report to Congress the costs of enforcing those provisions. Emergency Powers Under the National Emergencies Act Among the nearly 140 national emergency powers Congress has delegated to the president, some are particularly dramatic. In 1969, President Nixon suspended all laws regulating chemical and biological weapons on humans. In 1977, President Ford allowed states to suspend key provisions of the Clean Air Act. And in 1982, President Reagan authorized the use of existing Defense Department funds for emergency military construction. More recently, President George W. Bush declared a national emergency days after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks that suspended several laws, including all laws limiting the size of the military. In 2009, President Obama declared a national emergency to help hospitals and local governments deal with the swine flu outbreak. Notable Ongoing National Emergencies As of January 2019, a total of 32 national emergencies dating back to 1979 remained in effect. A few of the more notable of these include: To combat the flow of drugs, criminals and illegal immigrants coming across the U.S. border with Mexico. (Feb. 2019)Preventing the proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (Nov.1994)Banning financial dealings with terrorists who threaten the Middle East peace process (Jan. 1995)Provisions arising from the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 (Sept. 2001)Freezing the funds and property of persons who commit, threaten to commit, or support terrorism (Sept. 2001)Continuing restrictions with respect to North Korea and North Korean nationals (June 2008)Freezing the property of multinational organized criminal organizations (July 2011)Freezing the property of certain persons involved in cyber-enabled crime (April 2015) During his first two years in office (2017 and 2018), President Trump issued three national emergency declarations, most notably, a controversial national emergency intended to punish foreign nationals found to have interfered in or otherwise attempted to influence American elections. Accused of collusion with Russian agents during the 2016 presidential election, Trump’s declaration drew bipartisan criticism for being too weak. All three national emergency declarations issued by President Trump as of January 2019 include: Blocking access to the property of persons involved in serious human rights abuse or corruption (Dec. 2017)Imposing sanctions in the event of foreign interference in a United States election (Sept. 2018)Blocking access to the property of persons contributing to the situation in Nicaragua (Nov. 2018) While most national emergencies have been declared in response to foreign affairs, no law prevents presidents from declaring them to deal with a domestic issue, as President Obama did in 2009 to deal with the swine flu. Two other laws- the Stafford Act and the Public Health Services Act- are intended to provide federal  government response to state and local disasters, and public health emergencies. In addition, all 50 states have laws empowering the governors to declare emergencies within their states and to ask the President of the United States for federal assistance. President Trump’s 2019 Border Wall Emergency On January 8, 2019, President Trump, in the midst of what would become the longest government shutdown in history, threatened to declare a national emergency in order to bypass Congress by diverting some $5.7 billion in existing funds to the construction of an additional 234 miles of Mexican border security wall. The declaration was put on hold when on January 25, an agreement was reached between the White House and congressional Democrats allowing the government to reopen until February 15. The agreement was based on the understanding that negotiations over border wall funding would proceed during the three-week delay. However, after Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi on January 31 flatly stated that â€Å"There’s not going to be any wall money in the [compromise] legislation,† President Trump stated that there was a â€Å"good chance† that he would, indeed, declare a national emergency to secure the funding. â€Å"We are doing it regardless,† he told reporters on February 1, suggesting that more details might come in his shutdown-delayed State of the Union address scheduled for February 5. On February 15, he declared a national emergency, which is expected to face legal challenges. On February 15, 2019, President Trump signed a compromise Homeland Security spending bill that provided $1.375 billion for 55 miles of new fencing- but not a solid wall- along the U.S.-Mexico border in Texas. While the bill averted a second government shutdown, it fell far short of providing the $5.7 billion Trump had sought for the addition of 234 miles of solid steel walls. At the same time, President Trump declared a national emergency he said would allow him to redirect $3.5 billion from the Defense Department’s military construction budget to the construction of additinal border wall. He also signed executive orders redirecting $600 million from the Treasury Departments drug forfeiture fund, and $2.5 billion from the Defense Department’s drug interdiction program for the same purpose. â€Å"We’re going to confront the national security crisis on our southern border and we’re going to do it one way or the other,† President Trump said. â€Å"It’s an invasion,† he added. â€Å"We have an invasion of drugs and criminals coming into our country.† Democratic leaders immediately challenged Trump’s constitutional authority to use presidential national emergency powers to regulate immigration. VETO! On February 26, 2019, the House of Representatives voted 245-182 to approve a joint resolution canceling President Trump’s national emergency declaration. On March 14, the Senate voted 59-41 (including the votes of 12 Republicans) to concur, sending the measure to the president’s desk. Moments after the vote, Trump tweeted a one-word response, â€Å"VETO!† In a follow-up tweet, the president added, â€Å"I look forward to VETOING the just passed Democrat inspired Resolution which would OPEN BORDERS while increasing Crime, Drugs, and Trafficking in our Country.† On March 15, 2019, President Trump followed up his tweets by issuing his first presidential veto rejecting the resolution. â€Å"Congress has the freedom to pass this resolution and I have the duty to veto it,† he stated at the signing ceremony.   Sources and Further Reference Fisch, William B. â€Å"Emergency in the Constitutional Law of the United States.† University of Missouri School of Law (1990).â€Å"National Emergency Definition.† Duhaime’s Law Dictionary. Duhaime.orgRelyea, Harold C. (2007) â€Å"National Emergency Powers.† Congressional Research Service.Struyk, Ryan. â€Å"Trumps wall would be the 32nd active national emergency.† CNN.  (January 2019).

The Worlds Largest Gypsum Crystals, Naica, Mexico Essays

The Worlds Largest Gypsum Crystals, Naica, Mexico Essays The Worlds Largest Gypsum Crystals, Naica, Mexico Essay The Worlds Largest Gypsum Crystals, Naica, Mexico Essay Research Paper The Worlds Largest Gypsum Crystals A mile below one of Mexicos most important lead and silver mines, and a few miles above the earths magma lies a magnificent Geological Wonder. It Is Known As â€Å"The Cave Of Crystals. It contains the largest gypsum crystals known in the world to date. The cave was discovered in 2000 by two brothers drilling 1000 feet below the ground while working for Penoles mining company (Garcia-Ruiz et al. ). Man and mining have had a negative impact on the crystals, and should be held accountable for the future fate of this geological wonder. We must prevent its destruction, and benefit from the knowledge that science can gain studding this unique treasure. Cave mineralogy is a fairly new field of study that will continue to grow and earn a prestigious place in the larger scientific community. This find is the most important geological discovery made in our lifetime. This phenomenon merits a description. Growing up from the floor, the enormous crystals mirror columns of light, perfectly transparent and luminous. Among the giants is a prismatic shaped crystal measuring 11 m long. Many perfectly formed shards up to a meter in size sparkle and shimmer across the ceiling and walls. It is a magical place, described as a surreal fantasy world (London, 25). [pic] In Northern Mexico, about 100km, southeast of the city Chihuahua lies the Naica Mine. It has been operated by the Penoles mining company since 1952. They are the largest producers of lead and silver in Mexico, along with the production of zinc. The opening to the mine is on the North side of the Sierra de Naica, which according to scientific data lies above three known faults, the Gibraltar, Naica and the Montana. These faults still control the rise of thermal fluids. Hydrothermal circulation is responsible for the location of mineral deposits. Many years ago, tectonic stressors created cavities inside the aquifer; one of these caves today is called â€Å"The cave of crystals. † It is famous for the gypsum giants (Forti, 135). This discovery holds many secrets that will be exposed by science. The geological process that dictated the unique environment from which these giants materialized consisted of the natural pairing of two diverse fluids filling into the cave. One being from the deep, (phreatic), and the other from the shallow or (epi-phreatic) and vadose levels. These hydrothermal fluids, which are directly connected to the origin of the caves and mines, have been functioning as they are today for over twenty five million years. Over time, with these two chemicals overlapping and mixing with one another, we end up with an overabundance, referred to as â€Å"super-saturation† (Fricker, Garofalo, and Gunther, 620) This formed the perfect nursery required to develop these gorgeous gargantuans. A 2011 Journal printed a paper entitled â€Å"Role of Fluid Inclusion Analysis in Understanding Giagintic Selenite Crystal Growth in a Deep Karst Cave. â€Å"The paper offered a recent study of fluid inclusion has shown that the crystals were formed within a small margin of temperature. The solubility of gypsum and anhydrite are the same at just under 54 °C. These crystals grow at low supersaturation and from low salinity solutions. The analysis data shows that dissolution of anhydrite formed during hydrothermal mineralization produces a growth solution consistent with that of oxygen and sulfur isotopic compositions of gypsum crystals. This study puts forth that the huge crystals were created by a self-feeding system, fueled by a solution-mediated anhydrite-gypsum phase transition (Garcia-Ruiz, 327-330). Man and mining have had a negative impact on these wondrous crystals. Based on the current research and data available concerning the growth of crystals, the oldest Naica mine crystals date back about 400,000 years. This date is not exact. Scientists measure present day rate of growth to determine the precise age of a crystal. Unfortunately, these caves were dewatered by the mining industry in 1985. This lowering of the water table stopped the accretion process. The supersaturated water that fed the crystals was no longer available (Badino et al. 124). Man has put an end to this amazing geological environment that has existed for somewhere around four hundred thousand years. According to the International Journal of Speleology, the temperature inside the cave has drastically decreased. The main part of the mine has been connected to the cave and this creates air circulation. The cave temp drops 0. 6 degrees C. per year. The dew point was met in 2005 and a condensation process started. â€Å"At this location the giant gypsum crystals started to rapidly dissolve and new mineral phases began to precipitate† (Badino, 126). Once again, we have evidence of damage being done by mankind. The International Journal of Speleology states that upon analysis secondary minerals that appeared after the dewatering of the crystals the evolution of new speleothems seems to be due to the fluids contained in the crystals themselves. The Journal states: â€Å"Thus, for the first time, the fundamental role played by evaporationcondensation processes have been applied not only to the shape of speleothems, but also to the control of their mineral composition† (Badino et al. 125). There is much to be learned by the scientific community by studying this unique environment. Members of the Suttle Laboratory of Marine Virology and Microbiology were permitted in December, 2009, to take water samples from several different locations inside the mine. The temperatures inside the cave reach as high as 40 C and a relative humidity between 90 and 100%. As a result chemo autotrophic microbes, at present, ( because of their isolation) and their viruses may be related to those which dwelled on our earth at a much earlier time, or even possibly on other planets. It is hypothesized they exist and thrive in this ecosystem. The researchers from the team explained that â€Å"by working with these samples. We hope to gain insight into what types of microbial assemblages inhabit this very unique environment† (Suttle). In 1997 The National Speleological Society published a book titled â€Å"Cave Minerals of the World. The demands made by the Nomenclatures and Classification Commission on New Minerals and by the International Mineralogical Association were met. In 2011 and up-to-date list added 319 cave minerals. Mineralogy has achieved a rapid growth over the last 10 years. This is mostly due to progress in analytical facilities and new technology. The study of speleothems can teach us about quaternary climate change, and show us the difference between many speleogenetic routes and passages. Minerals can also lead us to understand and re-create landscape evolution. New minerals hold valuable information for the fields of the Earth sciences, and many other disciplines of study. They will answer many questions in the future (ONAC et al. ). According to the University of South Florida, Department of Geology, and other experts in the field â€Å"The result of cave mineral studies, when integrating stable isotope analysis with other microanalytical techniques, can be reassembled to test and improve conceptual ideas in mineral precipitation and to quantify geochemical processes associated with it† (ONAC et al. 4). Important discoveries have been made at the mines in Naica. Here are a few examples: Sulfates- Alpersite and Antlerite- Naica mine, Mexico. Cave at 150m. Silicates- Hectorite- â€Å"Cueva de las Espadas, Naica, Mexico. † Grientite- â€Å"Cueva de los Velas, Naica, Mexico† (ONAC et al. 34-36). There is no reason to assume that the most recent discovery, the â€Å"Cave of Crystals† has nothing to offer. This magnif icent find holds the interest of geologists, microbiologists, Earth scientists and many other allied professionals. They should be permitted, no, encouraged, to learn all they can before the cave returns back to its underwater existence, and is lost to us forever. The traditional study of minerals did not include much direct interest in the cave environment. Cave mineralogy is a field relatively new to science. This inattention stemmed from the fact that 90% of minerals found in caves are composed of aragonite and calcite (Bogdan and Forti, 80). Cave minerals known as speleothems are secondary deposits. Many of them have little or nothing to do with the actual cave itself. They were carried or transported as the existing cave was being filled or by corrosion after-the-fact. (Bogdan and Forti,79-80). Entering the 19th century, less than 10 scientific papers were published, detailing around 10 minerals, only including four different caves. Progress was made. By the 20th century 50 cave minerals were known and 250 papers have been published. The 60s brought with them 700 scientific papers on the subject, and some 80 described cave minerals. The third millennium brought about nearly 5000 papers published about 300 cave minerals and their environments were detailed. Today we average 2 to 3 new mineral each year (Bogdan and Forti, 81). Many of these minerals are new to science. Their surprise wealth is the result of separate forces working together. Percolating water causes the leaching of sediment and rocks before entering the cave. (Leaching releases solid-state radionuclides or contaminants into the liquid state. ) Another factor is high hydrogen sulfide solutions or hydrothermal liquid interplay with the cave sediments and the base rock. The same chemical compounds can form totally different product specimens. In other words completely different results can form from the same exact chemical compounds. The type of reaction that is undergone is the determining factor of the formation that is left behind (Bogdan and Forti,80). A variety of reactions take place in the cave environment. The key factors are: pH, Eh, changes in humidity and temperature, the chemistry of the solution and the presence or lack thereof microorganisms. Some common cave reaction types are: segregation and sublimation- processes result in phase transition. The key mechanism is temperature. Geochemical processes: oxidation/reduction, hydration/dehydration and double replacement these key mechanisms seem to be the concentration of acids (Bogdan and Forti,82). The cave of crystals should be left unharmed and be studied by the scientific community. It holds many answers that will benefit us in many ways. It should then be returned to the state in which we found it. This unique treasure and its knowledge are worth more to mankind than the ore produced by the mine. For the time being the caves should be open for geologists to study while there is a chance, as there is much to be learned. Badino, Giovanni, et al. â€Å"the present day genesis and evolution of cave minerals inside the Ojo de la Reina Cave, Mexico. † international Journal of Speleology 40. 03926672 (2011): 125-131. Google Scholar. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. . Bogdan, Onac P, and Paolo Forti. â€Å"Minerogenetic mechanisms occurring in the cave environment. † International Journal of Speleology 40. 2 (2011): 79-98. PDF file. Forti, Paolo. Genissis and Evoloution of the Caves in the Naica Mine (Chihuahua, Mexico). † Zeitschrift Fur Geomorphologie 54 Suool . 2. 0115 (2010): 135. Google Scholar. Web. 1 Dec. 2011. Fricker, Mattias B, Paolo S Garofalo, and Detlef Gunther. â€Å"Role of Fluid Inclusion Analysis in Understanding Giagintic Selenite Crystal Growth in a Deep Karst Cave (Naica, Mexico). † Highlights of Analytical Chemistry in Switzerland 65, No 7/? 8 (2011 ): 620. google Scholar. Web. 6 Dec. 2011. . Garcia-Ruiz, Juan Manuel, et al. â€Å"Formationof Natural Gypsum Megacrystals in Naica, Mexico. Geology 35 no4: 327-330. Google Scholar. Web. 1 Dec. 2011. London, David. Figure 8. 14 Dec. 2002. New â€Å"Cave of Crystals† at Naica, Chihua, Mexico. N. p. , n. d. Web. 12 Nov. 2011. -. â€Å"] New â€Å"Cave of the Crystals† at Naica, Chihuahua, Mexico. † Earth Scientist Magazine (2003): 24 27. google scholar. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. . ONAC, Bogdan P, et al. â€Å"State of the art and challenges in cave minerals studies. † Studia UBB Geologia 56. 1: 33-42. PDF file. Suttle, Curtis A. â€Å"Naica. † Suttle Laboratory. University of British Columbia, 27 Nov. 2011. Web. 20 Nov. 2011. .

Strategic Marketing Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic Marketing Plan - Assignment Example Laura Ashley, the brand that originated from Welsh designer Laura Ashley, is a household name popularised by its colourful fabrics for clothes and home furnishings. Laura Ashley Plc. is a small family company with very specialised products spread in the Europe, UK and US. Started by the Ashleys in 1953 the company kept on embracing new products and companies and integrated vertically. The key for the significance and the competitive edge of the company was the design philosophy of Laura Ashley. Although the company faced a shock after the death of Laura Ashley but the company followed the line of Laura's designs. By 1985 the company established its own supply chain and kept on supplying the products at shops. The Company also implemented the Information system for effective communication with in the company Sales practice: The Company established the shops with the same design and undertaken research and development activities in order to analyse the consumer preferences regarding th e brand. As a result of the surveys conducted the company found the brand name as the major asset of the company, which could prove to be the main source of competitive advantage of the company. Using the Ansoff matrix which is a framework for identifying corporate growth opportunities with two dimensions determining the scope of options between products and markets, this study shall develop SMART strategic marketing objectives. It will identify four generic growth strategies: Market penetration of Laura Ashley means that the company need to aim selling its existing high-end products from accessories, beds, bedlinen and bedspreads, curtains, cushions and throws, fabric, furniture, lighting, mirrors, rugs, sofas and chairs, and wallpapers within the markets it is currently serving but in increasing numbers. Greater effort in sales and marketing to achieve higher product sales is needed for a bigger market share attained possibly through improved product quality or cost reductions. In this process, Laura Ashley must take the opportunity to capture high-end markets in emerging economies such as India and China. As LA's market has declined, more marketing efforts are needed. Market development means selling to new customers for existing products which could require market segmentation. New market in this instance could include previously un-served geographical areas, or another market segment which was not previously catered to. For Laura Ashley, considering its classic home furnishing and fabrics, new markets such as those seeking luxurious abode overseas could be a target. Age, for instance could also be factor for consideration in this process as it has been suggested by various studies that older age indicate diligent shoppers and pursue sedate lifestyle (Zeithaml, 1985 and Hisrich & Peters, 1974). LA could also go for full nesters indicative through movement in household as this group prefer consumer durables and are basically home-oriented (Shanginger and Danko, 1993) Product development through new designs of existing products capitalising on existing knowledge and skills for the market it once

Business Ethics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Business Ethics - Term Paper Example However, the objective towards attaining significant development in the code of conducts gives rise to several challenges regarding an effective practice of business ethics within the organizational framework (DeGeorge 9). Thesis Statement This essay intends to evaluate the case of Electrocorp, a computer component manufacturing company allied with the automobile industry identifying moral issues in relation to the case at hand. Explanation to the Case at Hand Electrocorp is an US based electronic products manufacturing company that serves with computer components for automobiles. According to the case it has been observed that the organization is facing a continuous decline in terms of its profits due to an increasing rate for costs incurred during the production due to increasing rate of raw materials, labor payrolls as well as expensive process of disposal facilities. Moreover, the environmental regulations that the plant maintains also requires higher amount of investments in its various safety procedures. In order to mitigate these consequences, the organization intends to relocate its manufacturing units in developing nations with the advantages of lower wage rates and availability of cheaper raw materials along with minimized cost for maintenance and flexible legal implications. Hence, the organization has been concentrating on Mexico, Philippines and South Africa as the most prospective regions to support the organizational objectives (Musalo, â€Å"The Case of the Plant Location†). In the context of the case analysis, it can be considered that the organization might have to face certain dilemmas in yielding greater profitability through augmented production capacity but reduced production cost, relocating its firm in developing countries serving with the advantages of low labor costs, cheaper raw materials and comparatively flexible legal barriers. For instance, according to the case scenario, the decision of relocating its manufacturing plants to other country can be profitable for Electrocorp to earn a greater profit margin, where the decision might give rise to various ethical issues in terms of job loss of the US laborers along with exploitation of resources served by the developing nation, i.e. the intended location to set-up the new plant. Theoretical Explanation Utilitarianism and the Principle of Utility The theory of Utilitarianism can be considered as an ethical normative theory. It is one of the well-known as well as widespread forms of consequentialism, where a range of moral theories that state the suitability or unsuitability of few described actions, are studied. The philosophy behind the theory of utilitarianism states that it is a moral worth of a specific action that can be determined by its resulting consequences (National University of Ireland Galway, â€Å"Business Ethic: Utilitarianism†). According to Mill’s theory of principles of utility, combined with the theory of Utilitarianism, sta tes that actions which tend to augment happiness and positive thinking amid individuals are good; whereas, the acts which impose pain and suffering to individuals owing to the influences of naturalistic fallacy shall be considered as bad (Mill 81). Deontology or Dignity of Persons Principle Dignity of